The Effect of Mango Leaf Extract Administration on Fasting Blood Sugar Levels in Deksametason-Induced Mice

Latar Belakang: Daun mangga memiliki efek anti-diabetes karena kandungan mangiferin yang tinggi. Mangiferin memberikan efek anti-diabetes dengan meningkatkan ekspresi GLUT4 dan translokasinya di dalam sel otot. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun mangga (Mangifera foetida) terhadap kadar gula darah puasa pada mencit yang sebelumnya diinduksi deksametason untuk meningkatkan kadar gula darah puasa. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan pre-test dan post-test group control design. Besar sampel ditentukan menggunakan pendekatan resource equation, dengan total 25 ekor mencit yang dibagi menjadi lima kelompok. Hiperglikemia diinduksi menggunakan deksametason dosis 1 mg/kgBB per hari selama 7 hari, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemberian ekstrak daun mangga per oral (dosis 150, 250, dan 350 mg/kgBB per hari) selama 10 hari. Kadar gula darah puasa diukur sebelum dan sesudah induksi, serta pada hari ke-3, ke-7, dan ke-10 setelah pemberian perlakuan. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan metode multivariat. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA, Post Hoc LSD, dan Paired Sample T-Test. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan signifikan kadar gula darah puasa pada mencit sebelum dan sesudah pemberian ekstrak daun mangga pada kelompok 2 (ekstrak daun mangga 150 mg/kgBB) dengan p = 0,002, kelompok 4 (deksametason 1 mg/kgBB + ekstrak daun mangga 250 mg/kgBB) dengan p = 0,001, dan kelompok 5 (deksametason 1 mg/kgBB + ekstrak daun mangga 350 mg/kgBB) dengan p < 0,001. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun mangga (Mangifera foetida) dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah puasa pada mencit yang telah diinduksi.
 
Background: Mango leaves have anti-diabetic effects due to their high content of mangiferin. Mangiferin exerts its anti-diabetic effects by increasing the expression of GLUT4 and its translocation within muscle cells. The aim is to determine the effect of mango leaf extract (Mangifera foetida) on fasting blood glucose levels in mice previously induced with dexamethasone to elevate fasting blood glucose levels. Method: An experimental method with a pre-test and post-test group control design. The sample size was determined using the resource equation approach, with a total of 25 mice divided into five groups. Hyperglycemia was induced with dexamethasone at 1 mg/kg body weight per day for 7 days, followed by oral administration of mango leaf extract (150, 250, 350 mg/kg body weight per day) for 10 days. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured before and after induction, as well as on days 3, 7, and 10 of treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate methods. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Post Hoc LSD, and Paired Sample T-Test. Results: There was a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose levels in mice before and after administration of mango leaf extract in group 2 (Mango leaf extract 150 mg/kg BW) with a p-value of 0.002, group 4 (Dexamethasone 1 mg/kg BW + Mango leaf extract 250 mg/kg BW) with a p-value of 0.001, and group 5 (Dexamethasone 1 mg/kg BW + Mango leaf extract 350 mg/kg BW) with a p-value of <0.001. Conclusion: Mango leaf extract (Mangifera foetida) can reduce fasting blood sugar levels in mice that have been induced.