📅 30 March 2026
DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v12i1.15450
Waterbirds as bioindicators of ecosystem health: seasonal dynamics in Tondano Lake, Indonesia
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
📄 Abstract
Waterbird diversity in Tondano Lake reflects ecological degradation caused by water-hyacinth invasion and sedimentation. This study analyzed the diversity and abundance of waterbirds in Tondano Lake, Indonesia, across wet (February-May) and dry (June-October) seasons in 2025 to assess their role as bioindicators of ecosystem health. Multi-season observations were carried out monthly along a 6.5 km transect at ten strategic points. Eight waterbird species from three families were recorded, with Egretta garzetta being the most abundant (29.1%) and Alcedo atthis the least (4.8%). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H' = 1.92) indicates a moderate level of species diversity, which reflects a pattern of ecological simplification when compared to pristine tropical lakes such as Lake Sentarum (H' = 2.5). Waterbird abundance showed significant negative correlations with water hyacinth density (r = -0.68, p = 0.032) and water depth (r = -0.72, p = 0.019), revealing that invasive vegetation and shoaling are primary drivers of habitat loss. These findings demonstrate that waterbirds function as sensitive bioindicators of ecological stress, highlighting the urgent need for integrated watershed management to prevent further community collapse.
🔖 Keywords
#Biodiversity; Ecosystem Health; Sedimentation; Tondano Lake; Waterbirds
ℹ️ Informasi Publikasi
Tanggal Publikasi
30 March 2026
Volume / Nomor / Tahun
Tahun 2026
📝 HOW TO CITE
Djarang, Rievo; Harindah, Gerry; Suriani, Ni Wayan; Taulu, Marthy Lingkan Stella, "Waterbirds as bioindicators of ecosystem health: seasonal dynamics in Tondano Lake, Indonesia," Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Mar. 2026.
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