Antibacterial activity of miana (Coleus scutellarioides) against Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus mutans

Miana leaves (Coleus scutellarioides) have compounds that have the potential to be antibacterial. The bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus mutans are a group of positive bacteria containing a lipid layer that is low in peptidoglycan and teichoic acid. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Miana leaves against Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus mutans because both types of infectious bacteria. This research used the disc diffusion method. The preparation involved the maceration method using 96% ethanol as a solvent for five days, followed by concentration using a water bath at 70°C to obtain a thick extract. Observations were made on the diameter of the inhibition zone visible in the clear zone around the disc. The average inhibition diameter by ethanol extract against S. pyogenes is 9.83 mm, 10.76 mm, 12.42 mm, 15.66 mm, and 28.56 mm, respectively at extract concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and amoxicillin (positive control). The negative control 1% DMSO did not form an inhibition zone. The statistical analysis using One-Way ANOVA (SPSS 27) yielded a p-value of < 0.05, confirming a significant difference in antibacterial activity across all tested groups. This result demonstrates that Miana leaf ethanol extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% effectively inhibits the growth of both S. pyogenes and S. mutans. Furthermore, the inhibition zones varied significantly between the extract concentrations and the control groups, proving that the extract’s efficacy is concentration dependent. These findings suggest that Miana leaf ethanol extract has potential as a natural antibacterial agent for developing alternative phytotherapeutic treatments against S. pyogenes and S. mutans infections.