CFD Simulation of Flame Characteristics Resulting from Volatile Matter Combustion of Various Biomass Pellets

Fitrah, Ramavi Akbar Akhsanul; Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Widjanarko, Dwi; Widyastuti, Catur Rini; Hidayat, Muslikhin; Aziz, Muhammad

doi:10.26877/asset.v8i3.3591

📅 12 June 2026

CFD Simulation of Flame Characteristics Resulting from Volatile Matter Combustion of Various Biomass Pellets

Fitrah; Ramavi Akbar Akhsanul; Kusumaningtyas; Ratna Dewi; Widjanarko; Dwi; Widyastuti; Catur Rini; Hidayat; Muslikhin; Aziz; Muhammad

Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology (ASSET)

Universitas Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia Semarang

📄 Abstract

While biomass is a promising carbon-neutral alternative to coal, the specific volatile matter (VM) flame characteristics of diverse biomass pellets, particularly water hyacinth, remain under-researched. This study uses a numerical CFD approach (Ansys Fluent) to investigate how varying VM fractions influence flame structure in a 2D planar slice of the furnace block (25 cm width). Simulations employed the SST k–ω turbulence and Eddy dissipation model to capture mixing-limited chemical reactions. Boundary conditions were based on experimental configurations using a 0.05 m/s air inlet velocity. Results using CO-based flame-tip markers revealed that water hyacinth (VM: 63.5 wt%) produced a peak temperature of ~1,400°C at 75 cm above the fuel, while rice husk and bagasse (VM: 59–77 wt%) exhibited longer, more intense hot plumes compared to the localized heat profile of coal. These findings demonstrate that biomass generates more dispersed combustion zones, aiding in furnace hot-spot prevention and air control optimization. A limitation of this study is that findings are based solely on numerical simulations without direct experimental validation, although the model replicates physical furnace configurations. These results provide a foundation for developing sustainable biomass–coal co-firing technologies.

🔖 Keywords

#Biomass pellets; CFD; co-firing; flame length; non-premixed combustion

ℹ️ Informasi Publikasi

Tanggal Publikasi

12 June 2026

Volume / Nomor / Tahun

Tahun 2026

📝 HOW TO CITE

Fitrah, Ramavi Akbar Akhsanul; Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Widjanarko, Dwi; Widyastuti, Catur Rini; Hidayat, Muslikhin; Aziz, Muhammad, "CFD Simulation of Flame Characteristics Resulting from Volatile Matter Combustion of Various Biomass Pellets," Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology (ASSET), Jun. 2026.

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